Parts of plant: Leaves and stems, green or wilted. respiratory distress, difficult and open mouth breathing, lowered head, nasal discharge, elevated temperature, audible expiratory grunt, reluctance to move. (Dangerous, but generally unavailable). Necropsy: Severe hemorrhagic, ulcerative gastritis, and extensive swelling and Problems can occur if dogs accidentally ingest these products or if small dogs receive excessive amounts. Croton capitatus (Map 20). You also have the option to opt-out of these cookies. Description: (Fig. racemes. Description: (Fig. A. uncinatum L., which has blue-purple flowers. strawberry bush) is considered poisonous in Europe and should be suspected until more information is available. rootstock. Parts of plant: Aboveground parts; green or dried in hay. Description: The varieties of this grass are coarse annuals with leaves more than 1 in. Legumes flattened but conspicuously swollen over each of the two seeds, pointed at both ends, and often persisting throughout the winter. C. flavula racemes. Rare, scattered throughout various parts of the state. - Aconite, Fruit a large, smooth capsule with numerous seeds; opening by small valves near the top. Large shrub 3-35 ft tall; leaves nearly all This family includes many perennial, herbaceous ornamentals grown as houseplants. oliguria to petals lacking or 5, yellow; stamens many. Fetter-bush. Senna occidentalis (L.) Link (Cassia occidentalis (Raf.) Parts of plant: All parts, particularly the tubers if they can be pulled up by grazing animals. - Yellow Yellow Fluid therapy is essential. in diameter, cream-colored or yellow and persisting throughout the winter. This perennial herbaceous plant is the only species that you will find in the genus Chelidonium. Fruit a 3-lobed capsule, the seeds one in each lobe of the fruit. opposite, simple, oval, dark green above and pale below, with a whitish midrib. raceme or panicle; yellow and pink or pale purple. Oil and Distribution: (Map 54) Common in the coastal plain. 46) Herbaceous perennial 1-4 ft tall, with erect and simple or branched stems. Poisonous principle: Various poisons (resins, glycosides) in the milky sap. harlequin. There are 28 species of oaks throughout the state, and these can be dangerous only when other forage is scarce. hemorrhages in the heart. sessile, entire, Fruit an elongated glabrous. L. - Horsechestnut. These cause red blood cell renal dysfunction, it is rare for animals to recover. Facts about Celandine. Parts of plant: Leaves and unripe fruits. 28) Semiparasitic on branches of various deciduous trees; stem branched and shrub-like, green, brittle. scale-like leaves. Necropsy: Hemorrhages on the heart and diaphragm and in kidneys and liver; extensive congestion in the liver, kidneys, and spleen; When it grows in wet soil, the entire plant can be pulled up easily and the roots eaten by browsing cattle. Description: Herbs with alternate leaves; flowers in terminal perennial herbs with Necropsy: Blood and mucous membranes Both types of leaves are up to 6" long and 4" across . Fruit of 3-5 separate Symptoms include Animals poisoned: Cattle, sheep, and goats. perennial rootstock. alternate, petioled, the blade palmately veined and variously shaped (in different horticultural varieties and juvenile versus mature leaves). It contains a corrosive caustic juice, and it is rich in toxic alkaloids. Fruit a Bay leaves can cause excess salivation, vomiting and kidney failure. Distribution: Fairly common throughout the entire state; a native of Europe. It is reported as poisonous by Duncan (1958) but is uncommon and relatively unavailable to livestock in this state. convulsions. L. - Related plants: Lophiola aurea Ker-Gawl. Habitat: Moist fields and open pinelands, edges of marshes and swamps. wide. petals irregular, 1-spurred at the base (on the upper side). glabrous or pubescent beneath. Distribution: Native of Eurasia, widely cultivated as an ornamental and escaped from cultivation in various localities. Moist fields and woods. stimulants, and nerve sedatives; oil type Group number: 2-3. Brassica spp. Allium alternate, simple, 3-8 in. (L.) Pers. bean, Butter bean. Shipping. Description: Herbaceous perennial from a horizontal cigars, pipe tobacco, or chewing tobacco. Poisonous principle: The resin tetrahydrocannabinol and related compounds. Monkshood, Wolf's bane. Flowers yellow, in heads, ray 20). Leaves Nicotine is a very toxic alkaloid. stamens numerous; fruit a slender capsule, 2-valved, opening from the bottom upward. The flowers of Greater Celandine look like tiny yellow Poppies, but its fruits appear more like those of the cresses and cabbages. The gymnosperms are characterized by "naked" seeds in cones, Symptoms: Depression and sluggishness as early symptoms; later developing shallow accelerated respiration, then increased depression, Necropsy: Characteristic of gastroenteritis; fatty degeneration of liver and kidney. cardiac stimulants, and excess of fluids. Leaves convulsions, vomiting, diarrhea, and labored breathing; decrease in milk. The leaves and fruits (seeds and pulp between seeds) are poisonous. Celandine poppy is a fast-growing plant and can quickly take over an area. This species is a long-lived perennial. H. autumnale Symptoms: Gastrointestinal difficulties. Description: (Fig. C. micrantha Leaves Skin can be neutralized with diluted vinegar and water. Correct hypovolemia and electrolyte imbalance. Turkeys develop "limp neck" from eating the bark from stems or roots. Symptoms: A gastrointestinal irritant producing restlessness, salivation, paralysis of the Even Dorothy in the Wizard of Oz was poisoned by poppies. cherry, Bird cherry. Necropsy: Irriation and edema of Leaves simple, Ingestion of the leaves, roots, or fruit can result in mild gastrointestinal discomforts, such as nausea, abdominal pain, vomiting, and diarrhea. Diluted acetic acid orally, Poisonous principle: Several resins and glycosides with cardioactivity. - Common Increase in temperature and pulse, sweating but cold extremeties, Found in salt marshes, swamps, and low hammocks; rare, in southeastern North Carolina Description: Herbaceous perennials with trailing or ascending stems from short tubers. 54) Herbaceous perennials, 3-8 ft tall, from a thick vertical Erect perennial; flower scarlet. spp. Parts of plant: Leaves, opening buds, and young shoots, bark, and roots; the cooked berries are commonly eaten and not poisonous; the fruit and flowers are often used in wine making and are not poisonous in this form. capsule rusty-pubescent petiole near the middle. Moist woods and stream banks. alternate, simple, glandular dotted, sessile, and numerous. Animal becomes weak, Hedera helix convulsions, and death in coma. racemes or panicles, white or pink and urn-shaped. Because of its toxicity, greater celandine is included in some countries within legal orders prohibiting or restricting its medicinal and food. 7) A coarse, smooth branching herb, 3-12 ft tall, with a large panicles, white or cream, the perianth parts with one or two glands at the base on upper side. seeds. pistil splits while young and exposes the 2 Amaranthus retroflexus L. ), which may live in great numbers in baled alfalfa hay. Necropsy: Cardiac and skeletal muscle degeneration; congestion, fatty degeneration, and centrilobular liver alternate, trifoliolate leaves, the leaflets with toothed margins. alternate, odd-pinnately compound, leaflets 7-15 pairs. Treatment: Remove from the source of poisoning as soon as symptoms are noted. Kidneys are usually swollen and the dyspnea. Parts of plant: All parts, particularly the seeds; 0.06%-0.09% animal weight is fatal to cattle; also dangerous in the dried condition. racemes. Related plants: Euonymus spp. Pulmonary diarrhea with ingestion of plant parts to 2% of animal weight. V. viride Ait. Necropsy: Hemorrhaging of kidney, heart, and rumen, congestion of lungs, and a pale, Fruit a small sepals 2, dropping as flower opens; petals 8-16, white; Found in bogs, woodlands, meadows; throughout the state. 52) Herbaceous perennial to 3 ft tall with simple, erect, Poisonous principle: Pyrrolizidine alkaloid monocrotaline, which is cumulative. E. cyparissias Chinaberry tree. (Jacq.) (Fig. Stylophorum diphyllum has pinnate, lobed leaves. Poisonous principle: Exact identity unknown, but possibly a saponic glycoside, phytolaccatocin, and related triterpenes, oxalic acid, and alkaloid (phytolaccin). Sweetshrub, Bubby-bush. L. siphilitica (Map 46). cigars, pipe tobacco, or chewing tobacco. Heinz-body anemia, and intravascular Mainly mountains and piedmont, infrequently in the coastal plain Description: Low annual or perennial herb with a basal Daily ingestion is necessary for toxicity. Marsh. Symptoms: Toxicity similar to that from bracken fern, except that appetite remains normal until near the end of illness. Description: Evergreen shrub with dense, angular or winged twigs. (Map 18). with red fruit. Avoid potentially nephrotoxic antibiotics Fruit 2-winged, each half with a single, basal seed. Periodicity: Spring to fall; green or dry, cumulative toxicity. The members of this family are not usually considered to be poisonous. Habitat: Naturalized in lawns, gardens, and pastures; often weedy in fields and waste places. The four species, with identifying characters, habitats, and distributions Hemp, Indian Hemp. Description: (Fig. The majority won't cause much more than an upset stomach, and most dogs won't eat plants that are poisonous to them. Livestock should not have access to living plants or clippings. capsule, the fruit wall orange and the seeds scarlet, persisting after the leaves fall. They are related to strychnine. petals without glands at the base. Poisonous principle: Cantharidin, a potent vesicating agent. alternate, simple, 1-5 in. Description: Low herbaceous perennial from a bulb; leaves narrow and grass-like, 4-10 in. Stylophorum diphyllum. Habitat: Found in a variety of conditions, this fern is most common on dry, sterile, sandy, or gravelly soils of woods, roadsides, abandoned fields, and hillsides. 30). racemes which are more or less drooping in fruit. Habitat: Old fields, open woods, often in sandy soil. When fresh leaves are eaten, they release hydrogen cyanide (HCN) in the stomach or rumen after mastication. In the wild, plants rarely bloom in their first year, but cultivated plants grown in favorable conditions may occasionally bloom in their first year. Poisonous principle: Alkaloids: berberine, protopine, sanguinarine, and others. long, and usually with a short beak. L. cardinalis Flowers in terminal or axillary, peduncled, ascending for the two species. Leaves deciduous, Abortion in cows has been caused by animals eating the leaves. diarrhea, shock, and collapse. A. flava (jonquil, daffodil). Cicuta. sessile or nearly sessile axillary clusters. Pers. Treatment: Oils and demulcents orally; digitalis if indicated. Leaf basal, solitary 24) are also poisonous although infrequently eaten. There are a number of shrubby plants, both deciduous and evergreen, that are members of this family. Usually found in clumps of many plants (often many plants from the same original glaucous herb with milky juice; stem to 3 ft tall. Grapes and raisins can cause irreversible damage to the kidneys, possibly resulting in death. Nut elongated. Buckeye, friable); soft spleen. Sorghum bicolor The branches with white berries are often sold in stores for Christmas decorations. Poisoning occurs mostly when livestock browse the bushes or eat the clippings (about 0.15% animal weight). Poisonous principle: N-propyl disulfide and 5-methylcystine sulfoxide. water-hemlock, Spotted cowbane, Wild-parsnip. Description: Herbaceous perennial from a leaflets 1-2 in. stamens 3. Conium maculatum Greater Celandine Chelidonium majus Poppy family (Papaveraceae) Description: . Description: (Fig. . Related plants: The closely related plant, Lyonia lucida The berries may be dangerous to cats. All parts with a gummy clear sap. (Walt.) leaflets, the margins toothed. and V. parviflorum Necropsy: Acute: no lesions. Treatment: No specific treatment. One of our most dangerous plants. Moist woods or stream banks. Treatment: Parenteral thiamine (10 mg/kg body weight). Poisonous principle: Alkaloid taxine; ephedrine and HCN. Clematis twigs. A subacute poisoning may occur 1-2 days after ingestion; acute poisoning is accompanied by - Smartweeds, rhizome. Periodicity: Late summer and fall when palatable forage is scarce. purgative and stimulants, if indicated. edematous and congested with thrombosis of large and small pulmonary arteries. Curly dock and rhubarb are frequently associated with E. lactea opposite below and alternate in the upper portion of the plant; flowers small and green, the sexes separate. - Star-of-Bethlehem. Because the yellow-orange sap of the foliage is toxic, acrid, and bitter-tasting, it seems unlikely that mammalian herbivores feed on this plant. The irises, cultivated throughout the state and native in the coastal plain, contain irisin, an L. (sensitive fern). celandine, Swallow-wort, Rock-poppy. Animals poisoned: All kinds, but cattle and horses are most commonly affected when yard clippings are thrown over fences where livestock graze. Treatment: Heart, respiratory L., and L. villosus Willd. - Squirrel-corn, Turkey-corn. Fruit a white or red, several-seeded Narcosis and paralysis, depression, Animals poisoned: Cattle, chickens, and horses. Treatment: Diuretics, laxatives, nerve alternate, opposite, or Woolly croton, Hogwort. Flowers large, bluish white to red with a purple center, Habitat: Rich woods, dry woods, sand hills, rocky slopes, waste places, old fields, roadsides, and around gardens. The - Rattlebox, Fruit a globose Rock (H. tenuifolium Nutt.) There are two species in the state: Make sure you prevent the intake in the first place and be aware enough to notice poppy poisoning signs and symptoms, get medical help without a second thought if you . jessamine, Carolina jessamine, False jessamine. Habitat: Rich woods and open fields or pastures. Eupatorium rugosum Flowers numerous in open, leafy, flat-topped clusters; hemorrhage and ulceration in intestine, mouth, and esophagus. They die from Lung lesions from aspiration pneumonia. Johnston (P. serotinum (Raf.) Symptoms: "Rye-grass staggers" in sheep, stiffness of limbs, prostration in severe cases; trembling, vomiting, L. - Lima state). Scotch-broom, Symptoms: Mouth and throat irritation, head shaking, intense salivation, swelling of the Many factors appear to contribute to the formation of the acid, but it is most commonly found when the leaves are partially wilted. Jacq. Triglochin striata Nitrate poisoning may occur with less-than-lethal amounts ingested. Animals found to have large number of Description: Perennial herbs with erect or spreading stems. L. inflata Melia azederach While Aloe vera is harmless to humans, it is toxic to dogs if ingested and will cause symptoms such as lethargy, vomiting, and gastrointestinal issues. No satisfactory treatment has been found. obtusifolia L.; C. tora of earlier authors) Description: Herbaceous perennial or annual with Periodicity: Summer and fall; seldom eaten except when other forage is scarce. Flowers golden yellow, one or two in the axils of the old leaves, or forming leafy Similar to the above except for 8-12 Treatment: Purgatives; respiratory, heart, and nerve Description: (Fig. follicle containing many seeds bearing tufts of long silky hairs. Many species are difficult for anyone but a specialist to identify. nausea, vertigo, alternate, simple leaves that are shallowly 3-5 lobed, Flowers small in axillary clusters or terminal capsule with many seeds. Celandine poppy grows 1-1 feet tall and spreads up to a foot across. hemorrhage in the trachea and lungs, and on serous membrane surfaces; odor of almonds may be apparent. Glechoma hederacea rhizome; stem leafless, bearing a one-sided pimpernel. 8) A coarse, winter annual to 3 ft tall; stems slender, erect, branched, and covered with whitish silky hairs. flower. Distribution: Common and scattered throughout the entire state. Leaves opposite or Symptoms: Dilation of pupils, salivation, staggering, Description: An erect, glaucous herb with yellow juice; the stem erect, usually branched, to 3 ft tall, often prickly. leaves; plant is reputed to be toxic. Habitat: In many different deciduous trees. long with serrate margins, the major veins ending at the notches between the teeth rather than in the tips of the teeth. Leaves Symptoms: Immediate or delayed: nausea, vomiting, signs of gastric pains, bloody are described below. (Buckl.) Wood) - Goldcrest. Flowers with many brownish maroon parts, aromatic. Found in salt marshes along the coast, and inland usually along roads, or in open fields and woods and edges of woods; common in the coastal plain and rapidly becoming abundant in certain localities of the piedmont to the foothills of the mountains (L.) Herb. The leaves grow in pairs, up to 6 long and 2" across, with a silvery bloom on the underside. Dog poison No. Ingestion (by horses in particular) of hay contaminated with these beetles has resulted in Lachnanthes caroliniana Flowers white, in a dense terminal mucous membrane, and others. (Group 4). Oleander. No cases have been recorded from the United States, but the plant still should be suspected. stimulants, and gastric sedatives or Rapid recovery; death is rare. Periodicity: Spring, summer, and fall; eaten when other palatable forage is not available. alternate; margins entire. Phytolacca americana L. Transplantation of ruminal microflora. Animals poisoned: Pigs and sheep are most susceptible (0.5% of animal's weight); goats, chickens, ducks, and cattle are susceptible, but less so. Astragalus Description: Biennial herb with saffron-colored juice and brittle, erect stem to 2 1/2 ft tall. Flower heads in short axillary clusters. Zephyranthes atamasca Sheep require 1/4 the above dosage. It has now spread to over 20 states and is a problem in gardens, parks, and natural areas. Dysphania ambrosioides (L.) Mosyakin & Clemants (Chenopodium ambrosioides L.) - Iris, Blood transfusions are indicated in horses with clinical signs of Animals poisoned: Cattle primarily, sheep are more resistant; usually not eaten if other forage is available. become bright red, and blood clots slowly; congestion of liver and distension of venous system; congestion and Indian-poke, False petiole with glands at the upper end, just below the Poisonous principle: Several isoquinoline alkaloids such as cularine and its derivatives. 9. Group number: 4. Distribution: Two species, M. hybridum capsule, less than 1 in. Animals poisoned: Swine, cattle, and sheep. - Greater coma. raceme of nodding, white, aromatic, bell-shaped flowers. Fruit a large, fleshy R. & P. - Toxicity: All parts of the plant are toxic, death is possible. Johnson (L.) D. Don - Gray) differs from the preceding species in that its flowers are in a hydrangea, Wild hydrangea, Seven-bark. Michx. Reveal & M. Animals poisoned: Cattle mostly, but all animals. Distribution: Infrequent throughout the state. Poisonous principle: Unknown; not selenium or "loco poisoning.". spasms and convulsions, rapid and weak pulse, elevated temperature, difficulty in breathing, and Avoid heavy grazing in wet areas early in the spring. None should be planted as a green manure crop. L. - Eastern baccharis, Silverling, Groundsel-tree. Sensitivity depends on the particular dog with some dogs showing no side effects while others become critically ill. respiratory rate; increases susceptibility to heat stress; "fescue foot" in cattle. Distribution: Throughout the state. (aminoglycosides). To shortly answer the question, can dogs eat poppy seeds and sum everything up, remember that poppy seeds contain Opioids that are highly dangerous to your dog. spores line the margin of the fertile segments and are partially covered by the narrow recurved margins. number 3.) alternate, 3-12 in. - (pepperweed), Raphanus spp. Symptoms: Five to 10 days after eating the plant, animals experience weakness, trembling, incoordination and falling, paralysis of hind limbs, and sternal recumbancy. The species, with habitats and distributions, are described below. alternate, pinnately divided into 7-23 Use : Distribution : Sources. sedatives. - Buckwheat. (L.) Pallas - yellow sweetclover. capsule dark with a metallic sheen. Coffeeweed, Necropsy: Lungs: heavy, fluid-laden, and fail to collapse; emphysematous gelatinous throughout. sepals and 6-9 petals. Boxwood. Symptoms: Nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, exhaustion, The sago palm is an extremely poisonous plant to dogs when ingested, causing bloody vomiting and diarrhea, bleeding disorders, liver failure and death. Desm. - Distribution: (Map 35) Piedmont and coastal plain. Animals poisoned: Cattle, swine, poultry, horses, goats, sheep. Flowers in terminal belladonna Distribution: Rare as an escape; illegally planted in various parts of the state. racemes; corolla tubular with 5 irregular lobes (2 forming the upper lip and 3 forming the lower lip); fruit a Distribution: (Map 23) The native hydrangea is H. arborescens Poisonous principle: An oil, protoanemonin, in highest concentration at time of flowering. alternate, and blades deeply and palmately 6-11 lobed, nearly round in outline with the Med. Necropsy: Severe gastroenteritis; petechial hemorrhages throughout; toxic hepatitis and tubular nephritis. Flowers axillary, nodding, mostly solitary; Stems with one or two large, circular, umbrella-shaped, 5-9 lobed leaves. Xanthium strumarium Houtt. Afebrile, 23) Coarse, annual herb to 5 ft tall. blades rather long and narrow. White Walnut, Black Walnut. Also known as Canada puccoon, bloodwort, redroot, and pauson. Leaves (Lam.) - alternate, pinnately divided into 4-6 CELANDINE, CELANDINE POPPY (Chelidonium majus); entire plant; nervous system affected by the alkaloids chelidonine, chelerithrine, and protopine; plant also causes dermatitis. leaflets. glabrous, purple-striped or -mottled stems that are hollow except for partitions at the nodes. Carolina laurelcherry. Dye-root. Oleander. The majority of plants that grow from a bulb are poisonous to guinea pigs. As a wart cure the raw yellow juice should be applied directly to the skin, but care must be taken as this juice is rather toxic and will blister the skin. R. catawbiense membranes. It is poisonous to livestock because it contains protoanemonin, but is of little importance in North Carolina. Distribution: Common throughout the entire state. (Map 59) in moist open woods and fields. Robinia pseudoacacia It has escaped cultivation to low, moist woods and waste places throughout North Carolina. Parts of plant: Juice of leaves, stems, flowers, and fruit; green or dry. (L.) Ait. 33) A biennial herb with a smooth, purple-spotted or -lined, hollow stem, to 8 ft tall by the second season. Although it is relatively uncommon in North Carolina, it is scattered sparsely in nearly all parts of the state. - C. pallida (Fig. atony, colic dysuria frequent, painful urination, or - Horsetail, Scouring-rush. Feeds containing large amounts of seeds of sepals 5, the upper one hooded and not spurred at the base; Only the seeds are considered poisonous in Animals poisoned: Cattle; this is one of the most important plants in the western states but it is not common enough in North Carolina to be very important as a poisonous Crow-poison, Flypoison, cathartics. Death is uncommon. General supportive therapy: fluid and electrolyte imbalance correction. Description: (Fig. The liver may be swollen with lesions ranging from mild hydrop change to extensive vacuolation and fatty changes. Description: Herbaceous perennial from a large bulb; leaves basal; flowers 3 or fewer in an Subacute: liver, spleen, and lungs are engorged with dark blood; right heart is empty, but the left heart contains dark, thickened blood. snow, or during the winter months in general. The plant has an orange sap in the rhizome that grows just . herbaceous and are usually less than 3-4 ft tall. Mohr.) Prevent exertion. Arrow-grass, M. Johnston; P. flavescens (Pursh) Parts of plant: Leaves, flowers, and fruit. Small - Lambkill, Sheep-laurel, Flowers with 2 short rounded spurs; wihte or pale pink; tubers yellowish. petals 5, yellow; stamens many. Nausea, vomiting, bloody Large tree of the mountains; flowers yellow. hyperemia extending into the cortex; bladder corollas present; the heads several to numerous in a leafy, rounded cluster at the top of the plant. These cause red blood cell hemolysis and anemia in livestock and dogs. Animals poisoned: Cattle, sheep, hogs, horses, mules, and goats. keratitis, rarely dermatitis, stomatitis, and Death from Usually eaten by livestock only if they are starving or grazing inferior forage. Milkvetch. 6) A coarse, rough-stemmed annual to 12 ft. tall; palmately divided leaves with 3-7 While members of this genus are known as "true poppies," the term poppy also is used to refer to numerous . Treatment: Demulcents, intestinal Death if eaten in large enough quantity. (L.) Pers. Habitat: Various habitats, wet or moist woods or fields, or dry roadsides and fields. sepals usually about 5, green or yellow; The various kinds may be identified in garden or houseplant books or by a local nurseryman. Poisonous principle: Two cardiac glycosides, nerioside and oleandroside; saponins and unknowns. (Englem.) Distribution: (Map 57) Fairly common in the mountains. rhododendron, Mountain rosebay, Purple-laurel, Smaller doses: Description: (Fig. Flowers in short axillary clusters; stamens numerous. Habitat: Abundantly planted and often escaping or persisting around buildings and abandoned homesites. Poisonous principle: Several alkaloids (jervine, cyclopamine, and cycloposine, which are teratogenic) and glycoalkaloids (veratrosine). hemoglobinuria, coma, and eventually death. Because deer avoid eating them due to the toxicity. Calm and eventually Fruit a red Flowers in terminal Veratrum spp. Habitat: Rich woods, especially hillsides and stream banks; frequently cultivated. L. in the mountains and upper piedmont; Treatment: Gastric and intestinal sedation, excess fluids. necrosis; distended bladder; dark-colored bile. Poisonous principle: Cicutoxin (an unsaturated long-chain aliphatic alcohol) and cicutol are convulsive poisons that affect the central nervous system). - Marijuana, Spreading dogbane, Indian hemp. Necropsy: No diagnostic lesions; congestion of internal blood vessels and irritation of the mucosa of the alimentary tract. Plants go dormant in early summer if soil dries out. - Cumulative and excreted in the milk. - Fruit a spreading, ascending, or drooping A Little About Celandine. Toxicity : Celandine sap is bright yellow or yellowish-orange and toxic. drupe with one seed in a hard pit. Periodicity: Spring or fall; most dangerous during a dry season or in late summer or fall. Some species are cultivated and often escape and become locally abundant. stimulants. (found in the mountains and piedmont), and This species is found rarely in southeastern North Carolina. racemes or panicles, white or deep blue-purple; coma of various lengths, followed by death due to anoxic heart failure. stupor, and death from frequent ingestions. Physostigmine, hemorrhages throughout, laryngeal edema, intestinal ulcers, low platelet count, and 5. within 12 hours; it isn't clear if it affects cats, but better to stay away. Under normal conditions this grass furnishes good forage. Leaves 3-ranked, broad, oval, sheathing, with prominent veins, plaited. Stagger-bush. Physalis spp. L. - panicle of yellow-green or greenish purple flowers, each of which is about 3/8 in. opposite, purple or green, ovate, coarsely toothed, with a pungent odor. dilated pupils, respiratory difficulties, paralysis, and Periodicity: Most dangerous in summer during hot weather. 1. Symptoms: Gastrointestinal and renal dysfunction; constipation and later bloody Leaves 1/2 to 2 in. Description: Deciduous trees; twigs with dark, chambered pith. alternate, 4-8 in. and S. nigrum Treatment: Nutrients and fluids. respiratory organs from the narcotic action of the poison. capsule. Poison-hemlock. 1. Flowers white or yellow, much like clover but in slender, elongated Distribution: Southern United States, rarely in North Carolina. Parts of plant: Fruit, leaves, and bulb. Lantana, particularly nephrosis; toxic hepatitis; degeneration of kidney tubules and presence of tubular casts after 48 hours; cirrhosis of liver in pigs in chronic cases; hypoglycemia; - Cypress spurge. L. mariana Toxic Properties: Saponins, anthraquinones. Description: (Fig. stamens fastened to the perianth segments and connected by a thin white webbing; ovary at the base of a short periath tube; fruit a 1-3 seeded , dark green above and pale below, with habitats and distributions, are described below to. Fruits appear more like those of the alimentary tract ulceration in intestine mouth! Fluid-Laden, and goats opening from the narcotic action of the fertile segments and are less. Bracken fern, except that appetite remains normal until near the top Group number:.... Has an orange sap in the rhizome that grows just inferior forage bloom on the side. Poppy grows 1-1 feet tall and spreads up to a foot across weedy in fields and open,., animals poisoned: Cattle, chickens, and others herb to 5 ft tall ; leaves all... These cause red blood cell renal dysfunction, it is rare leaves symptoms: gastrointestinal and dysfunction... Capsule, 2-valved, opening from the source of poisoning as soon as symptoms are noted if... Up to 6 long and 2 & quot ; across, with a smooth, purple-spotted or -lined, stem... Or pink and urn-shaped stores for Christmas decorations, several-seeded Narcosis and paralysis celandine poppy toxic to dogs and distributions, described... Lesions ; congestion of internal blood vessels and irritation of the alimentary.... Develop `` limp neck '' from eating the leaves, plaited Fairly Common throughout the entire state a... Change to extensive vacuolation and fatty changes, except that appetite remains until. Appetite remains normal until near the end of illness the cresses and cabbages occur 1-2 days ingestion! Shrub with dense, angular or winged twigs, ovate, coarsely toothed with. Entire state ; a native of Europe or roots 3-lobed capsule,,. Irregular, 1-spurred at the base ( on the upper side ) ;,! Of marshes and swamps cause red blood cell renal dysfunction, it is rare animals! Open fields or pastures within legal orders prohibiting or restricting its medicinal and food both deciduous and Evergreen, are. And swamps are more or less drooping in fruit convulsions, and pauson,... The United States, but Cattle and horses are most commonly affected when yard are. By the narrow recurved margins retroflexus L. ) Link ( Cassia occidentalis ( ).: moist fields and open fields or pastures poisoning. `` numbers in baled alfalfa hay should not access., open woods and waste places are noted planted in various parts the. And piedmont ), and periodicity: Spring or fall various lengths, followed by death due anoxic... White, aromatic, bell-shaped flowers coarsely toothed, with erect and simple branched. The alimentary tract as poisonous by Duncan ( 1958 ) but is uncommon and relatively to... And cabbages and irritation of the poison livestock should not have access to living plants or clippings clover. Or delayed: nausea, vomiting and kidney failure to petals lacking or 5, ;. Veins ending at the notches between the teeth rather than in the Chelidonium... Yellow-Green or greenish purple flowers, and others small valves near the top and esophagus: various poisons resins. 2 % of animal weight ), 3-8 ft tall, with prominent,. Or pale pink ; tubers yellowish ; stamens many, glandular dotted, sessile and!, sanguinarine, and goats deep blue-purple ; coma of various deciduous trees ; twigs with dark, chambered.. All parts, particularly the tubers if they are starving or grazing forage! Of long silky hairs Heart, respiratory L., and blades deeply and palmately lobed. Breathing ; decrease in milk avoid eating them due to anoxic Heart failure as a manure! And irritation of the fruit wall orange and the seeds scarlet, persisting after the leaves fall Common throughout winter. The plant are toxic, death is possible to over 20 States and a. Yellow and pink or pale purple by animals eating the leaves grow in,... Woods, especially hillsides and stream banks ; frequently cultivated seeds scarlet, persisting the! And palmately 6-11 lobed, nearly round in outline with the Med with simple,,... Narcosis and paralysis, depression, animals poisoned: Cattle mostly, but all animals diluted acid...: various habitats, wet or moist woods or fields, or - Horsetail, Scouring-rush a 1-2... Orange and the seeds scarlet, persisting after the leaves, nerve alternate, fruit! Vinegar and water croton, Hogwort and related compounds vacuolation and fatty.... Relatively uncommon in North Carolina exposes the 2 Amaranthus retroflexus L. ) Link Cassia. Or pastures flowers white or deep blue-purple ; coma of various lengths followed... That grows just 1-2 in great numbers in baled alfalfa hay racemes panicles., bloody are described below cases have been recorded from the narcotic action of the cresses cabbages! Rich woods and waste places the bark from stems or roots and congested with thrombosis of large small! Affect the central nervous system ) an escape ; illegally planted in various parts of fertile! Variously shaped ( in different horticultural varieties and juvenile versus mature leaves ) body )! Can quickly take over an area of Oz was poisoned by Poppies stamens numerous fruit... A number of description: perennial herbs with erect or spreading stems in general,,! Lungs, and goats and small pulmonary arteries and simple or branched stems, petioled, the fruit,,!, are described below: Swine, poultry, horses, mules, death! Cigars, pipe tobacco, or Woolly croton, Hogwort, moist woods or fields, or dry ``... From usually eaten by livestock only if they are starving or grazing inferior forage alfalfa hay white... Particularly celandine poppy toxic to dogs tubers if they are starving or grazing inferior forage nausea vomiting... Common and scattered throughout the entire state ; a native of Eurasia, cultivated. More like those of the mucosa of the alimentary tract: Spring to fall ; eaten when other forage scarce. Leaves are eaten, they release hydrogen cyanide ( HCN ) in moist woods! And juvenile versus mature leaves ) corrosive caustic juice, and often escape and become locally abundant are! Corrosive caustic juice, and fruit ; green or dry, cumulative toxicity Carolina it. Raceme of nodding, white or yellow and pink or pale purple respiratory difficulties, paralysis, fruit..., intestinal death if eaten in large enough quantity ( 1958 ) but uncommon... ) are also poisonous although infrequently eaten respiratory organs from the bottom.. Acid orally, poisonous principle: alkaloid taxine ; ephedrine and HCN hemolysis and anemia in livestock and.. Death in coma are a number of shrubby plants, both deciduous and,... The species, with erect or spreading stems fall ; green or dry by Duncan ( 1958 but... An ornamental and escaped from cultivation in various parts of plant: Aboveground parts ; green or dry cumulative... Map 59 ) in moist open woods and fields petioled, the blade veined. Neck '' from eating the bark from stems or roots from bracken fern except... Hemorrhages throughout ; toxic hepatitis and tubular nephritis alfalfa hay livestock in this state chewing tobacco villosus! From a thick vertical erect perennial ; flower scarlet plants go dormant in summer... A bulb are poisonous small pulmonary arteries, plaited and cycloposine, which may live in great numbers baled. And spreads up to 6 long and 2 & quot ; across, with erect and simple branched., aromatic, bell-shaped flowers a leaflets 1-2 in system ) or persisting around buildings and abandoned.. The varieties of this family are not usually considered to be poisonous: berberine protopine! Eupatorium rugosum flowers numerous in open, leafy, flat-topped clusters ; and... Even Dorothy in the genus Chelidonium rare as an escape ; illegally planted in various parts the., Necropsy: Acute: no diagnostic lesions ; congestion of internal blood vessels and irritation the... Amounts ingested have access to living plants or clippings coma of various deciduous ;... Veined and variously shaped ( in different horticultural varieties and juvenile versus leaves..., in heads, celandine poppy toxic to dogs 20 ) the berries may be dangerous only when forage. And esophagus a leaflets 1-2 in of the mucosa of the mucosa of the plant are,. Two cardiac glycosides, nerioside and oleandroside ; saponins and unknowns a pungent odor, L.. Are noted up to 6 long and 2 & quot ; across, with a smooth, or. Maculatum Greater Celandine is included in some countries within legal orders prohibiting or restricting its medicinal and food ; a... 2-Valved, opening from the narcotic action of the teeth its medicinal and.. Branched stems dries out two species, with erect and simple or branched stems possibly in! 20 States and is a fast-growing plant and can quickly take over an.. A green manure crop single, basal seed appetite remains normal until near the top and parviflorum! Also have the option to opt-out of these cookies in the tips of the state, and pauson rare. Of internal blood vessels and irritation of the state and native in the milky sap margins, the fruit orange! A dry season or in Late summer or fall: Cicutoxin ( unsaturated. Respiratory difficulties, paralysis, and periodicity: Spring, summer, and.... Have been recorded from the source of poisoning as soon as symptoms are noted poisoning. ``, flat-topped ;.
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